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Запишитесь на семинары для косметологов и прокачайте свою профессию. Современные методики, опытные преподаватели, доступная цена и максимальная польза для практики.

Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
Мы предлагаем:ремонт крупногабаритной техники в москве
Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

Запишитесь на семинары для массажистов и прокачайте свою профессию. Современные методики, опытные преподаватели, доступная цена и максимальная польза для практики.

Lunar clockwork
What scientists know for certain is that they need to get precision timekeeping instruments to the moon.
kraken darknet
Exactly who pays for lunar clocks, which type of clocks will go, and where they’ll be positioned are all questions that remain up in the air, Gramling said.

“We have to work all of this out,” she said. “I don’t think we know yet. I think it will be an amalgamation of several different things.”
https://kra30c.cc
кракен
Atomic clocks, Gramling noted, are great for long-term stability, and crystal oscillators have an advantage for short-term stability.
“You never trust one clock,” Gramling added. “And you never trust two clocks.”

Clocks of various types could be placed inside satellites that orbit the moon or perhaps at the precise locations on the lunar surface that astronauts will one day visit.

As for price, an atomic clock worthy of space travel could cost around a few million dollars, according Gramling, with crystal oscillators coming in substantially cheaper.

But, Patla said, you get what you pay for.

“The very cheap oscillators may be off by milliseconds or even 10s of milliseconds,” he added. “And that is important because for navigation purposes — we need to have the clocks synchronized to 10s of nanoseconds.”

A network of clocks on the moon could work in concert to inform the new lunar time scale, just as atomic clocks do for UTC on Earth.

(There will not, Gramling added, be different time zones on the moon. “There have been conversations about creating different zones, with the answer: ‘No,’” she said. “But that could change in the future.”)

Аренда яхты в Москве
Аренда яхты в Москве – это доступный и увлекательный способ провести время на воде, наслаждаясь живописными пейзажами столицы и ее окрестностей. Яхты предлагают уникальные возможности для отдыха, мероприятий и романтических прогулок. С каждым годом все больше людей выбирают аренду яхт, чтобы создать незабываемые воспоминания, будь то празднование дня рождения, свадьбы или просто отдых с друзьями.
аренда яхт в Подмосковье
Снять яхту в Москве
Чтобы снять яхту в Москве, вам достаточно учитывать несколько ключевых моментов. Во-первых, важно определить тип яхты, который вам нужен. Существуют моторные, парусные и экскурсионные яхты, каждая из которых обладает своими особенностями и преимуществами. Для небольших компаний подойдут уютные моторные яхты, а для больших мероприятий – просторные парусные или катамараны с несколькими палубами.

Преимущества аренды яхты:
Комфортабельность: Современные яхты оборудованы всем необходимым для комфортного времяпрепровождения: уютные каюты, кухня, отдельные санитарные узлы и зоны для отдыха.
Эстетика: Прогулки на яхте позволяют насладиться великолепными видами на Московское море, парк Коломенское и другие живописные уголки.
Гибкость в организации: Вы можете выбрать маршрут, чтобы посетить понравившиеся места или устроить остановки для купания и отдыха.
Аренда яхт в Подмосковье
Аренда яхт в Подмосковье – это отличное решение для тех, кто хочет провести время вдали от городской суеты. Многие водоемы в этом регионе идеально подходят для яхтенных прогулок. Исследуя Подмосковье, вы можете насладиться красивыми природными пейзажами, увидеть исторические места и просто расслабиться на природе.

Почему стоит арендовать яхту в Подмосковье:
Разнообразие маршрутов: В Подмосковье множество рек и водоемов, таких как река Москва, Волга, Ока и многие другие, которые открывают перед вами широкий выбор маршрутов.
Спокойствие и уединение: Вы можете отдохнуть в тишине природы, насладиться атмосферой удаленности и уединения, что так приятно после напряженных будней.
Организация мероприятий: Аренда яхты может быть идеальным вариантом для проведения корпоративов, дни рождения, праздничных мероприятий или просто для романтического ужина на воде.

‘A whole different mindset’
Accurate clockwork is one matter. But how future astronauts living and working on the lunar surface will experience time is a different question entirely.
kra31cc
On Earth, our sense of one day is governed by the fact that the planet completes one rotation every 24 hours, giving most locations a consistent cycle of daylight and darkened nights. On the moon, however, the equator receives roughly 14 days of sunlight followed by 14 days of darkness.

“It’s just a very, very different concept” on the moon, Betts said. “And (NASA is) talking about landing astronauts in the very interesting south polar region (of the moon), where you have permanently lit and permanently shadowed areas. So, that’s a whole other set of confusion.”
https://kra30c.cc
kra30 cc
“It’ll be challenging” for those astronauts, Betts added. “It’s so different than Earth, and it’s just a whole different mindset.”

That will be true no matter what time is displayed on the astronauts’ watches.

Still, precision timekeeping matters — not just for the sake of scientifically understanding the passage of time on the moon but also for setting up all the infrastructure necessary to carry out missions.

The beauty of creating a time scale from scratch, Gramling said, is that scientists can take everything they have learned about timekeeping on Earth and apply it to a new system on the moon.

And if scientists can get it right on the moon, she added, they can get it right later down the road if NASA fulfills its goal of sending astronauts deeper into the solar system.

“We are very much looking at executing this on the moon, learning what we can learn,” Gramling said, “so that we are prepared to do the same thing on Mars or other future bodies.”

Space, time: The continual question
If time moves differently on the peaks of mountains than the shores of the ocean, you can imagine that things get even more bizarre the farther away from Earth you travel.
кракен даркнет
To add more complication: Time also passes slower the faster a person or spacecraft is moving, according to Einstein’s theory of special relativity.

Astronauts on the International Space Station, for example, are lucky, said Dr. Bijunath Patla, a theoretical physicist with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, in a phone interview. Though the space station orbits about 200 miles (322 kilometers) above Earth’s surface, it also travels at high speeds — looping the planet 16 times per day — so the effects of relativity somewhat cancel each other out, Patla said. For that reason, astronauts on the orbiting laboratory can easily use Earth time to stay on schedule.
https://kra30c.cc
kra31cc
For other missions — it’s not so simple.

Fortunately, scientists already have decades of experience contending with the complexities.

Spacecraft, for example, are equipped with their own clocks called oscillators, Gramling said.

“They maintain their own time,” Gramling said. “And most of our operations for spacecraft — even spacecraft that are all the way out at Pluto, or the Kuiper Belt, like New Horizons — (rely on) ground stations that are back on Earth. So everything they’re doing has to correlate with UTC.”
But those spacecraft also rely on their own kept time, Gramling said. Vehicles exploring deep into the solar system, for example, have to know — based on their own time scale — when they are approaching a planet in case the spacecraft needs to use that planetary body for navigational purposes, she added.

For 50 years, scientists have also been able to observe atomic clocks that are tucked aboard GPS satellites, which orbit Earth about 12,550 miles (20,200 kilometers) away — or about one-nineteenth the distance between our planet and the moon.

Studying those clocks has given scientists a great starting point to begin extrapolating further as they set out to establish a new time scale for the moon, Patla said.

“We can easily compare (GPS) clocks to clocks on the ground,” Patla said, adding that scientists have found a way to gently slow GPS clocks down, making them tick more in-line with Earth-bound clocks. “Obviously, it’s not as easy as it sounds, but it’s easier than making a mess.”

Lunar clockwork
What scientists know for certain is that they need to get precision timekeeping instruments to the moon.
Площадка кракен
Exactly who pays for lunar clocks, which type of clocks will go, and where they’ll be positioned are all questions that remain up in the air, Gramling said.

“We have to work all of this out,” she said. “I don’t think we know yet. I think it will be an amalgamation of several different things.”
https://kra30c.cc
kra31cc
Atomic clocks, Gramling noted, are great for long-term stability, and crystal oscillators have an advantage for short-term stability.
“You never trust one clock,” Gramling added. “And you never trust two clocks.”

Clocks of various types could be placed inside satellites that orbit the moon or perhaps at the precise locations on the lunar surface that astronauts will one day visit.

As for price, an atomic clock worthy of space travel could cost around a few million dollars, according Gramling, with crystal oscillators coming in substantially cheaper.

But, Patla said, you get what you pay for.

“The very cheap oscillators may be off by milliseconds or even 10s of milliseconds,” he added. “And that is important because for navigation purposes — we need to have the clocks synchronized to 10s of nanoseconds.”

A network of clocks on the moon could work in concert to inform the new lunar time scale, just as atomic clocks do for UTC on Earth.

(There will not, Gramling added, be different time zones on the moon. “There have been conversations about creating different zones, with the answer: ‘No,’” she said. “But that could change in the future.”)

Space, time: The continual question
If time moves differently on the peaks of mountains than the shores of the ocean, you can imagine that things get even more bizarre the farther away from Earth you travel.
kraken tor
To add more complication: Time also passes slower the faster a person or spacecraft is moving, according to Einstein’s theory of special relativity.

Astronauts on the International Space Station, for example, are lucky, said Dr. Bijunath Patla, a theoretical physicist with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, in a phone interview. Though the space station orbits about 200 miles (322 kilometers) above Earth’s surface, it also travels at high speeds — looping the planet 16 times per day — so the effects of relativity somewhat cancel each other out, Patla said. For that reason, astronauts on the orbiting laboratory can easily use Earth time to stay on schedule.
https://kra30c.cc
kraken даркнет
For other missions — it’s not so simple.

Fortunately, scientists already have decades of experience contending with the complexities.

Spacecraft, for example, are equipped with their own clocks called oscillators, Gramling said.

“They maintain their own time,” Gramling said. “And most of our operations for spacecraft — even spacecraft that are all the way out at Pluto, or the Kuiper Belt, like New Horizons — (rely on) ground stations that are back on Earth. So everything they’re doing has to correlate with UTC.”
But those spacecraft also rely on their own kept time, Gramling said. Vehicles exploring deep into the solar system, for example, have to know — based on their own time scale — when they are approaching a planet in case the spacecraft needs to use that planetary body for navigational purposes, she added.

For 50 years, scientists have also been able to observe atomic clocks that are tucked aboard GPS satellites, which orbit Earth about 12,550 miles (20,200 kilometers) away — or about one-nineteenth the distance between our planet and the moon.

Studying those clocks has given scientists a great starting point to begin extrapolating further as they set out to establish a new time scale for the moon, Patla said.

“We can easily compare (GPS) clocks to clocks on the ground,” Patla said, adding that scientists have found a way to gently slow GPS clocks down, making them tick more in-line with Earth-bound clocks. “Obviously, it’s not as easy as it sounds, but it’s easier than making a mess.”

‘A whole different mindset’
Accurate clockwork is one matter. But how future astronauts living and working on the lunar surface will experience time is a different question entirely.
kra30 cc
On Earth, our sense of one day is governed by the fact that the planet completes one rotation every 24 hours, giving most locations a consistent cycle of daylight and darkened nights. On the moon, however, the equator receives roughly 14 days of sunlight followed by 14 days of darkness.

“It’s just a very, very different concept” on the moon, Betts said. “And (NASA is) talking about landing astronauts in the very interesting south polar region (of the moon), where you have permanently lit and permanently shadowed areas. So, that’s a whole other set of confusion.”
https://kra30c.cc
kraken тор
“It’ll be challenging” for those astronauts, Betts added. “It’s so different than Earth, and it’s just a whole different mindset.”

That will be true no matter what time is displayed on the astronauts’ watches.

Still, precision timekeeping matters — not just for the sake of scientifically understanding the passage of time on the moon but also for setting up all the infrastructure necessary to carry out missions.

The beauty of creating a time scale from scratch, Gramling said, is that scientists can take everything they have learned about timekeeping on Earth and apply it to a new system on the moon.

And if scientists can get it right on the moon, she added, they can get it right later down the road if NASA fulfills its goal of sending astronauts deeper into the solar system.

“We are very much looking at executing this on the moon, learning what we can learn,” Gramling said, “so that we are prepared to do the same thing on Mars or other future bodies.”

‘A whole different mindset’
Accurate clockwork is one matter. But how future astronauts living and working on the lunar surface will experience time is a different question entirely.
кракен вход
On Earth, our sense of one day is governed by the fact that the planet completes one rotation every 24 hours, giving most locations a consistent cycle of daylight and darkened nights. On the moon, however, the equator receives roughly 14 days of sunlight followed by 14 days of darkness.

“It’s just a very, very different concept” on the moon, Betts said. “And (NASA is) talking about landing astronauts in the very interesting south polar region (of the moon), where you have permanently lit and permanently shadowed areas. So, that’s a whole other set of confusion.”
https://kra30c.cc
kraken ссылка
“It’ll be challenging” for those astronauts, Betts added. “It’s so different than Earth, and it’s just a whole different mindset.”

That will be true no matter what time is displayed on the astronauts’ watches.

Still, precision timekeeping matters — not just for the sake of scientifically understanding the passage of time on the moon but also for setting up all the infrastructure necessary to carry out missions.

The beauty of creating a time scale from scratch, Gramling said, is that scientists can take everything they have learned about timekeeping on Earth and apply it to a new system on the moon.

And if scientists can get it right on the moon, she added, they can get it right later down the road if NASA fulfills its goal of sending astronauts deeper into the solar system.

“We are very much looking at executing this on the moon, learning what we can learn,” Gramling said, “so that we are prepared to do the same thing on Mars or other future bodies.”

Space, time: The continual question
If time moves differently on the peaks of mountains than the shores of the ocean, you can imagine that things get even more bizarre the farther away from Earth you travel.
кракен онион
To add more complication: Time also passes slower the faster a person or spacecraft is moving, according to Einstein’s theory of special relativity.

Astronauts on the International Space Station, for example, are lucky, said Dr. Bijunath Patla, a theoretical physicist with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, in a phone interview. Though the space station orbits about 200 miles (322 kilometers) above Earth’s surface, it also travels at high speeds — looping the planet 16 times per day — so the effects of relativity somewhat cancel each other out, Patla said. For that reason, astronauts on the orbiting laboratory can easily use Earth time to stay on schedule.
https://kra30c.cc
Площадка кракен
For other missions — it’s not so simple.

Fortunately, scientists already have decades of experience contending with the complexities.

Spacecraft, for example, are equipped with their own clocks called oscillators, Gramling said.

“They maintain their own time,” Gramling said. “And most of our operations for spacecraft — even spacecraft that are all the way out at Pluto, or the Kuiper Belt, like New Horizons — (rely on) ground stations that are back on Earth. So everything they’re doing has to correlate with UTC.”
But those spacecraft also rely on their own kept time, Gramling said. Vehicles exploring deep into the solar system, for example, have to know — based on their own time scale — when they are approaching a planet in case the spacecraft needs to use that planetary body for navigational purposes, she added.

For 50 years, scientists have also been able to observe atomic clocks that are tucked aboard GPS satellites, which orbit Earth about 12,550 miles (20,200 kilometers) away — or about one-nineteenth the distance between our planet and the moon.

Studying those clocks has given scientists a great starting point to begin extrapolating further as they set out to establish a new time scale for the moon, Patla said.

“We can easily compare (GPS) clocks to clocks on the ground,” Patla said, adding that scientists have found a way to gently slow GPS clocks down, making them tick more in-line with Earth-bound clocks. “Obviously, it’s not as easy as it sounds, but it’s easier than making a mess.”

 

Так называемое уголовное дело «Лайф-из-Гуд» – «Гермес» – «Бест Вей» продолжает свою кровавую жатву – в конце марта умер от рака, быстро спрогрессировавшего из-за постоянного стресса, председатель Совета кооператива «Бест Вей», депутат Государственной думы VII созыва Сергей Иванович Крючек. Полтора года назад умерла жена Сергея Крючека – сердце не выдержало после обысков у них дома и допросов мужа.  

 

Суд ни к чему не ведет

 

Следствие действовало максимально жестко. От обысков с пристрастием в 2023 году пострадали сотни пайщиков кооператива по всей России, на скамье подсудимых оказались ни в чем неповинные технические сотрудники – помощник руководителя, один из бухгалтеров, менеджер сайта и конференций, несколько индивидуальных предпринимателей, а также 83-летний отец основателя кооператива «Бест Вей» и бывшего руководителя компании «Лайф-из-гуд» Романа Василенко – пенсионер Виктор Иванович Василенко.

 

Один из допрашивавшихся – Шамиль Фахруллин, умер после допроса от сердечного приступа, в критическом состоянии после 12-часового допроса была Зоя Семенова, которая опровергла в суде свои показания, данные следствию (таких опровергших – десятки). Мама Романа Василенко Лариса Александровна Василенко столкнулась с настоящими пытками – явившись к ней в пять утра, оперативники заставили ее переодеваться при них, раздевшись догола, а в следственном управлении ее на несколько часов посадили на стул со сломанной ножкой и не давали пить. Она потеряла сознание, и только после этого ей удалось выйти из следственного управления. Случаев издевательств и пыток множество.

 

При этом в суде, который идет с конца февраля 2024 года, дело откровенно разваливается – у признанных потерпевшими и свидетелей нет никаких доказательств своих утверждений, они в ходе перекрестных допросов один за другим попадаются на лжи. На последние суды приходят все меньше и меньше свидетелей обвинения – под разными предлогами они отказываются, чтобы не поддерживать лживую версию следствия.

 

Кооператив без вины виноватых

 

Сергей Крючек возглавил крупнейший в России кооператив – 20 тыс. пайщиков во всех регионах страны – весной 2022 года, в период острого кризиса, после только что прошедшего первого обыска в офисе кооператива, в ходе которого были изъяты вся документация, базы данных, серверы, даже личные вещи и трудовые книжки сотрудников (и ничего до сих пор не возвращено: все учетные записи пришлось восстанавливать с нуля). Он и сам стал жертвой обысков в своем подмосковном доме – в ходе которых была изъята и до сих пор не возвращена коллекция наград.

 

Кооператив оказался «в уголовном деле» по странному стечению обстоятельств – он был объявлен следствием организацией, аффилированной с иностранной инвестиционной компанией «Гермес», а значит, призванной ответить по ее обязательствам – хотя кооператив никак не был связан с «Гермесом» ни организационно, ни финансово: имел только общую систему продаж продуктов через маркетинговую фирму «Лайф-из-Гуд». У «Гермеса» возникли проблемы с выплатами российским клиентам после взлома российского сегмента платежной системы системным администратором Евгением Набойченко – система в феврале 2022 года перестала работать, и появилась картинка с предложением обращаться в правоохранительные органы. Только выплаты прекратились не до действий Набойченко, а после них. Параллельно возникла ситуация со СВО и санкциями Запада, крайне затруднившая трансграничные финансовые операции. 

 

Но кооператив «Бест Вей» никаких выплат не прекращал, он зарегистрирован в Санкт-Петербурге, все его активы находятся в России. И даже если учесть требования к нему со стороны лиц, признанных потерпевшими по уголовному делу, то нет никаких причин для блокирования работы кооператива: совокупный ущерб в обвинительном заключении – 282 млн рублей, притом что на счетах кооператива – более 4 млрд рублей. Эта сумма постоянно увеличивается, и еще 600 млн – дебиторская задолженность пайщиков кооперативу на сегодняшний день. 282 млн рублей могли быть заблокированы на счете кооператива, на котором аккумулируются средства из членских взносов, предназначенные для развития, – не было никаких причин блокировать всю деятельность кооператива! Тем не менее это длительное время происходило.

 

Страхи охранителей

 

Что стоит за преследованиями фирмы «Лайф-из-Гуд», успешно работавшей с 2014 до начала 2022 года; компании «Гермес», которая весь этот же период выполняла свои обязательства; кооператива «Бест Вей», к которому вообще нет никаких претензий, кроме как со стороны тех, кого следствие убедило, что раз кооператив незаконный, они смогут взыскать членские взносы и еще со стороны людей, которым кооператив, заботясь о ликвидности, не дал купить объект недвижимости с перепланировкой? Что стоит за поддержкой властью репрессий против кооператива?  

 

Прежде всег, люди, которые пытаются получить контроль над миллиардными активами кооператива и других организаций, а также примкнувшие к ним силовики. Но похоже на то, что власть очень обеспокоил политический потенциал, стоящий за кооперативом, – все эти многотысячные собрания пайщиков на стадионах. Собрания людей, которым ничего не надо от государства – они готовы сами, вскладчину, решать свои жилищные и иные проблемы. Кого-то из охранителей это испугало и стало причиной зеленого света для репрессий против кооператива со стороны высокопоставленных силовиков. 

 

Лжеэксперты и лжеобвинения

 

Кооператив, как и «Гермес», был обвинен в том, что он является финансовой пирамидой. Приглашенный следствием эксперт из СПбГУ Маевский потребовал закрытого заседания – чтобы никто не слышал, как он плавает в теме. Утверждает, что финансирование покупки квартир старым пайщикам происходило за счет новых пайщиков: не понимает, что финансирование кооператива происходит не только за счет новых поступлений от пайщиков, но и за счет возвратных платежей за приобретенную на деньги кооператива недвижимость. А с осени 2021 года – времени внесения в предупредительный список ЦБ, почти исключительно за счет возвратных платежей от пайщиков, которым приобретена квартира. При этом ликвидность кооператива никак не пострадала. Объяснения со стороны адвокатов стали для этого экономиста откровением.

 

Значительная часть пайщиков стремится ускорить погашение долга перед кооперативом, чтобы скорее получить квартиру в собственность – ведь квартира с помощью кооператива приобретается почти без переплат. Переплаты связаны только со вступительным и членскими взносами; налогами, которые платятся по тарифам для юридического лица; оплатой проверки юридической чистоты и независимой оценки недвижимости. 

 

С весны 2022 года кооператив прекратил прием новых пайщиков, при этом на его ликвидности это никак не сказалось: средства на счетах продолжали расти, несмотря на то что многие пайщики боялись платить на арестованные счета и вносят платежи только сейчас. 

 

Спаситель 

 

С весны 2022-го до зимы 2025 года счета кооператива с небольшими перерывами были под арестом – причем запрещались даже выплаты по исполнительным листам пайщикам, которые приняли решение о выходе из кооператива, арестованы были, также с перерывами, квартиры, принадлежащие кооперативу, на 12 млрд рублей. 

 

Под руководством Сергея Ивановича Крючека удалось добиться в судах снятия ареста с квартир, а затем частичного снятия ареста со счетов, разрешения с арестованных сумм выплачивать по исполнительным листам пайщикам, которые через суд добились возврата средств (в этом им активно помогал сам кооператив), а также налоги и заработную плату сотрудникам кооператива. Частичное «освобождение» счетов позволило осуществлять выплаты пайщикам, принявшим решение о выходе из кооператива и возврате своих средств. 

 

Таких пайщиков около 2,5 тыс., общий объем выплат им – порядка 1,5 млрд рублей, значительная часть из них уже получила свои паевые средства – несмотря на огромные трудности с перечислением средств по 115-ФЗ: дело в том, что расследуется еще одно уголовное дело – по ст. 174 УК (хотя кооператив никаких денег за рубеж не переводил), открыто и новое дело по заявлениям потерпевших от «Гермеса», не попавшим в уголовное дело, которое сейчас рассматривается судом. Кроме того, идет гражданский процесс по иску прокуратуры, блокирующему возможность приема новых пайщиков. И, несмотря на эти трудности, кооператив, возглавлявшийся до недавнего времени Сергеем Крючеком, ежедневно осуществляет выплаты выходящим из него пайщикам и успешно восстанавливает деятельность.  

 

Важнейшее достижение Крючека – создание механизма, когда при арестованных счетах пайщики, которым уже приобретены объекты недвижимости, получили возможность погашать свой долг перед кооперативом и переоформлять недвижимость в собственность за счет средств других пайщиков, которые передают им свои арестованные паевые взносы, а взамен получают живые деньги от счастливых приобретателей квартир в собственность. Таким способом пайщикам удалось погасить долг перед кооперативом и полностью перевести недвижимость в собственность по десяткам объектов недвижимости.

 

Кооператив под руководством Сергея Крючека работал над тем, чтобы вновь начать приобретать квартиры пайщикам, которые стоят в очереди на покупку первыми. Тем более что ряд квартир будет освобожден пайщиками, которые отказались возвращать за них деньги и исключены из кооператива с возвратом паевых средств. 

 

Кооператив, по мнению многих пайщиков, жив благодаря той огромной работе, которую проделал Сергей Крючек с весны 2022 года по весну 2025-го, успешному противостоянию произволу правоохранительной системы. Недаром один из пайщиков предложил назвать кооператив именем Сергея Ивановича.

Lunar clockwork
What scientists know for certain is that they need to get precision timekeeping instruments to the moon.
kraken зайти
Exactly who pays for lunar clocks, which type of clocks will go, and where they’ll be positioned are all questions that remain up in the air, Gramling said.

“We have to work all of this out,” she said. “I don’t think we know yet. I think it will be an amalgamation of several different things.”
https://kra30c.cc
kraken официальный сайт
Atomic clocks, Gramling noted, are great for long-term stability, and crystal oscillators have an advantage for short-term stability.
“You never trust one clock,” Gramling added. “And you never trust two clocks.”

Clocks of various types could be placed inside satellites that orbit the moon or perhaps at the precise locations on the lunar surface that astronauts will one day visit.

As for price, an atomic clock worthy of space travel could cost around a few million dollars, according Gramling, with crystal oscillators coming in substantially cheaper.

But, Patla said, you get what you pay for.

“The very cheap oscillators may be off by milliseconds or even 10s of milliseconds,” he added. “And that is important because for navigation purposes — we need to have the clocks synchronized to 10s of nanoseconds.”

A network of clocks on the moon could work in concert to inform the new lunar time scale, just as atomic clocks do for UTC on Earth.

(There will not, Gramling added, be different time zones on the moon. “There have been conversations about creating different zones, with the answer: ‘No,’” she said. “But that could change in the future.”)

Lunar clockwork
What scientists know for certain is that they need to get precision timekeeping instruments to the moon.
kraken зеркало
Exactly who pays for lunar clocks, which type of clocks will go, and where they’ll be positioned are all questions that remain up in the air, Gramling said.

“We have to work all of this out,” she said. “I don’t think we know yet. I think it will be an amalgamation of several different things.”
https://kra30c.cc
kra cc
Atomic clocks, Gramling noted, are great for long-term stability, and crystal oscillators have an advantage for short-term stability.
“You never trust one clock,” Gramling added. “And you never trust two clocks.”

Clocks of various types could be placed inside satellites that orbit the moon or perhaps at the precise locations on the lunar surface that astronauts will one day visit.

As for price, an atomic clock worthy of space travel could cost around a few million dollars, according Gramling, with crystal oscillators coming in substantially cheaper.

But, Patla said, you get what you pay for.

“The very cheap oscillators may be off by milliseconds or even 10s of milliseconds,” he added. “And that is important because for navigation purposes — we need to have the clocks synchronized to 10s of nanoseconds.”

A network of clocks on the moon could work in concert to inform the new lunar time scale, just as atomic clocks do for UTC on Earth.

(There will not, Gramling added, be different time zones on the moon. “There have been conversations about creating different zones, with the answer: ‘No,’” she said. “But that could change in the future.”)

Space, time: The continual question
If time moves differently on the peaks of mountains than the shores of the ocean, you can imagine that things get even more bizarre the farther away from Earth you travel.
kra30 cc
To add more complication: Time also passes slower the faster a person or spacecraft is moving, according to Einstein’s theory of special relativity.

Astronauts on the International Space Station, for example, are lucky, said Dr. Bijunath Patla, a theoretical physicist with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, in a phone interview. Though the space station orbits about 200 miles (322 kilometers) above Earth’s surface, it also travels at high speeds — looping the planet 16 times per day — so the effects of relativity somewhat cancel each other out, Patla said. For that reason, astronauts on the orbiting laboratory can easily use Earth time to stay on schedule.
https://kra30c.cc
kraken даркнет
For other missions — it’s not so simple.

Fortunately, scientists already have decades of experience contending with the complexities.

Spacecraft, for example, are equipped with their own clocks called oscillators, Gramling said.

“They maintain their own time,” Gramling said. “And most of our operations for spacecraft — even spacecraft that are all the way out at Pluto, or the Kuiper Belt, like New Horizons — (rely on) ground stations that are back on Earth. So everything they’re doing has to correlate with UTC.”
But those spacecraft also rely on their own kept time, Gramling said. Vehicles exploring deep into the solar system, for example, have to know — based on their own time scale — when they are approaching a planet in case the spacecraft needs to use that planetary body for navigational purposes, she added.

For 50 years, scientists have also been able to observe atomic clocks that are tucked aboard GPS satellites, which orbit Earth about 12,550 miles (20,200 kilometers) away — or about one-nineteenth the distance between our planet and the moon.

Studying those clocks has given scientists a great starting point to begin extrapolating further as they set out to establish a new time scale for the moon, Patla said.

“We can easily compare (GPS) clocks to clocks on the ground,” Patla said, adding that scientists have found a way to gently slow GPS clocks down, making them tick more in-line with Earth-bound clocks. “Obviously, it’s not as easy as it sounds, but it’s easier than making a mess.”

‘A whole different mindset’
Accurate clockwork is one matter. But how future astronauts living and working on the lunar surface will experience time is a different question entirely.
kraken войти
On Earth, our sense of one day is governed by the fact that the planet completes one rotation every 24 hours, giving most locations a consistent cycle of daylight and darkened nights. On the moon, however, the equator receives roughly 14 days of sunlight followed by 14 days of darkness.

“It’s just a very, very different concept” on the moon, Betts said. “And (NASA is) talking about landing astronauts in the very interesting south polar region (of the moon), where you have permanently lit and permanently shadowed areas. So, that’s a whole other set of confusion.”
https://kra30c.cc
kraken tor
“It’ll be challenging” for those astronauts, Betts added. “It’s so different than Earth, and it’s just a whole different mindset.”

That will be true no matter what time is displayed on the astronauts’ watches.

Still, precision timekeeping matters — not just for the sake of scientifically understanding the passage of time on the moon but also for setting up all the infrastructure necessary to carry out missions.

The beauty of creating a time scale from scratch, Gramling said, is that scientists can take everything they have learned about timekeeping on Earth and apply it to a new system on the moon.

And if scientists can get it right on the moon, she added, they can get it right later down the road if NASA fulfills its goal of sending astronauts deeper into the solar system.

“We are very much looking at executing this on the moon, learning what we can learn,” Gramling said, “so that we are prepared to do the same thing on Mars or other future bodies.”

Lunar clockwork
What scientists know for certain is that they need to get precision timekeeping instruments to the moon.
kraken сайт
Exactly who pays for lunar clocks, which type of clocks will go, and where they’ll be positioned are all questions that remain up in the air, Gramling said.

“We have to work all of this out,” she said. “I don’t think we know yet. I think it will be an amalgamation of several different things.”
https://kra30c.cc
кракен ссылка
Atomic clocks, Gramling noted, are great for long-term stability, and crystal oscillators have an advantage for short-term stability.
“You never trust one clock,” Gramling added. “And you never trust two clocks.”

Clocks of various types could be placed inside satellites that orbit the moon or perhaps at the precise locations on the lunar surface that astronauts will one day visit.

As for price, an atomic clock worthy of space travel could cost around a few million dollars, according Gramling, with crystal oscillators coming in substantially cheaper.

But, Patla said, you get what you pay for.

“The very cheap oscillators may be off by milliseconds or even 10s of milliseconds,” he added. “And that is important because for navigation purposes — we need to have the clocks synchronized to 10s of nanoseconds.”

A network of clocks on the moon could work in concert to inform the new lunar time scale, just as atomic clocks do for UTC on Earth.

(There will not, Gramling added, be different time zones on the moon. “There have been conversations about creating different zones, with the answer: ‘No,’” she said. “But that could change in the future.”)

‘A whole different mindset’
Accurate clockwork is one matter. But how future astronauts living and working on the lunar surface will experience time is a different question entirely.
Площадка кракен
On Earth, our sense of one day is governed by the fact that the planet completes one rotation every 24 hours, giving most locations a consistent cycle of daylight and darkened nights. On the moon, however, the equator receives roughly 14 days of sunlight followed by 14 days of darkness.

“It’s just a very, very different concept” on the moon, Betts said. “And (NASA is) talking about landing astronauts in the very interesting south polar region (of the moon), where you have permanently lit and permanently shadowed areas. So, that’s a whole other set of confusion.”
https://kra30c.cc
kraken войти
“It’ll be challenging” for those astronauts, Betts added. “It’s so different than Earth, and it’s just a whole different mindset.”

That will be true no matter what time is displayed on the astronauts’ watches.

Still, precision timekeeping matters — not just for the sake of scientifically understanding the passage of time on the moon but also for setting up all the infrastructure necessary to carry out missions.

The beauty of creating a time scale from scratch, Gramling said, is that scientists can take everything they have learned about timekeeping on Earth and apply it to a new system on the moon.

And if scientists can get it right on the moon, she added, they can get it right later down the road if NASA fulfills its goal of sending astronauts deeper into the solar system.

“We are very much looking at executing this on the moon, learning what we can learn,” Gramling said, “so that we are prepared to do the same thing on Mars or other future bodies.”

Space, time: The continual question
If time moves differently on the peaks of mountains than the shores of the ocean, you can imagine that things get even more bizarre the farther away from Earth you travel.
кракен ссылка
To add more complication: Time also passes slower the faster a person or spacecraft is moving, according to Einstein’s theory of special relativity.

Astronauts on the International Space Station, for example, are lucky, said Dr. Bijunath Patla, a theoretical physicist with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, in a phone interview. Though the space station orbits about 200 miles (322 kilometers) above Earth’s surface, it also travels at high speeds — looping the planet 16 times per day — so the effects of relativity somewhat cancel each other out, Patla said. For that reason, astronauts on the orbiting laboratory can easily use Earth time to stay on schedule.
https://kra30c.cc
kra30 cc
For other missions — it’s not so simple.

Fortunately, scientists already have decades of experience contending with the complexities.

Spacecraft, for example, are equipped with their own clocks called oscillators, Gramling said.

“They maintain their own time,” Gramling said. “And most of our operations for spacecraft — even spacecraft that are all the way out at Pluto, or the Kuiper Belt, like New Horizons — (rely on) ground stations that are back on Earth. So everything they’re doing has to correlate with UTC.”
But those spacecraft also rely on their own kept time, Gramling said. Vehicles exploring deep into the solar system, for example, have to know — based on their own time scale — when they are approaching a planet in case the spacecraft needs to use that planetary body for navigational purposes, she added.

For 50 years, scientists have also been able to observe atomic clocks that are tucked aboard GPS satellites, which orbit Earth about 12,550 miles (20,200 kilometers) away — or about one-nineteenth the distance between our planet and the moon.

Studying those clocks has given scientists a great starting point to begin extrapolating further as they set out to establish a new time scale for the moon, Patla said.

“We can easily compare (GPS) clocks to clocks on the ground,” Patla said, adding that scientists have found a way to gently slow GPS clocks down, making them tick more in-line with Earth-bound clocks. “Obviously, it’s not as easy as it sounds, but it’s easier than making a mess.”

Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
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Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
Мы предлагаем:сервисные центры по ремонту техники в мск
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